Culinary Advisor
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Panuozzo with Sausage and Friarielli
Created by Chef Graziella
The stuffed bread of Gragnano, where Neapolitan pizza dough becomes a pocket for crumbled sausage and bitter greens. This is what the pizza makers eat when they are hungry.
Panuozzo comes from Gragnano, the town famous for its pasta, not its bread. Yet the bread is remarkable. Pizza dough, shaped into an oval, baked until the crust blisters and chars in spots, then split while still warm and stuffed with whatever the cook has at hand. The bread absorbs the juices of the filling. It becomes something more than a vessel.
The filling here is pure Naples: sausage crumbled and browned until the fat renders out, and friarielli, those bitter greens that Neapolitans love and most Americans have never tasted. Friarielli are not broccoli rabe, though they are close cousins. They are smaller, more bitter, more intensely flavored. If you cannot find them, broccoli rabe will do. The bitterness is the point.
This is not a delicate sandwich. It is food for people who work, who are hungry, who want something substantial. The bread must be warm. The filling must be hot. You eat it standing, or sitting at a counter, with napkins ready. There is no elegant way to consume a panuozzo, and none is required.
Panuozzo emerged in the 1980s from a pizzeria in Gragnano, where a cook shaped pizza dough into an elongated form and baked it specifically for stuffing. The name derives from 'pane,' bread, with the Neapolitan diminutive. It spread through the Campania region as pizza makers discovered that their dough, properly baked, made a superior sandwich bread.
The technique, the tradition, and the story behind every dish.
Discover Culinary AdvisorIngredients
tipo 00 flour
Quantity
500g, plus more for dusting
warm water
Quantity
325ml
about 70°F
fine sea salt
Quantity
10g
active dry yeast
Quantity
3g
extra virgin olive oil
Quantity
1 tablespoon, plus more for the filling
Italian pork sausage
Quantity
450g
casings removed
friarielli or broccoli rabe
Quantity
450g
tough stems removed
garlic cloves
Quantity
4
sliced thin
red pepper flakes
Quantity
1/4 teaspoon
kosher salt
Quantity
to taste
| Ingredient | Quantity |
|---|---|
| tipo 00 flour | 500g, plus more for dusting |
| warm waterabout 70°F | 325ml |
| fine sea salt | 10g |
| active dry yeast | 3g |
| extra virgin olive oil | 1 tablespoon, plus more for the filling |
| Italian pork sausagecasings removed | 450g |
| friarielli or broccoli rabetough stems removed | 450g |
| garlic clovessliced thin | 4 |
| red pepper flakes | 1/4 teaspoon |
| kosher salt | to taste |
Equipment Needed
- •Large mixing bowl
- •Baking sheet with parchment paper
- •Large skillet (12-inch)
- •Pizza stone or baking steel (optional but recommended)
- •Serrated knife for splitting bread
Instructions
- 1
Make the dough
Dissolve the yeast in the warm water and let it stand for five minutes until slightly foamy. In a large bowl, combine the flour and salt. Add the yeast mixture and olive oil. Stir with a wooden spoon until a shaggy mass forms, then turn it onto a floured surface and knead for 10 minutes. The dough should become smooth, elastic, and slightly tacky but not sticky. If it clings to your hands, add flour sparingly.
Tipo 00 flour creates the proper texture. Bread flour will work but produces a chewier result. All-purpose is acceptable if nothing else is available. - 2
Let the dough rise
Shape the dough into a ball and place it in a lightly oiled bowl. Cover with plastic wrap and let it rise in a warm place until doubled in size, about 2 hours. The dough is ready when you press it with a fingertip and the indentation springs back slowly.
- 3
Shape the panuozzi
Punch down the risen dough and divide it into four equal pieces. Shape each piece into an oval about 8 inches long and half an inch thick. Place them on a parchment-lined baking sheet, cover loosely with a kitchen towel, and let them rest for 20 minutes while you prepare the filling and preheat the oven.
- 4
Cook the sausage
Crumble the sausage into a large cold skillet. Set it over medium heat and cook, breaking the meat into small pieces with a wooden spoon, until browned and the fat has rendered, about 12 minutes. The meat should be in small crumbles, not large chunks. Transfer to a plate with a slotted spoon, leaving the fat in the pan.
- 5
Cook the friarielli
Add two tablespoons of olive oil to the sausage fat in the pan. Add the sliced garlic and red pepper flakes. Cook over medium heat until the garlic is fragrant and just turning gold at the edges, about one minute. Add the friarielli with any water still clinging to the leaves. Season with salt. Cook, stirring occasionally, until the greens are tender and slightly wilted but still have some texture, 6 to 8 minutes. Return the sausage to the pan and toss everything together. Taste for seasoning.
Friarielli should remain slightly bitter. This is correct. The bitterness plays against the richness of the sausage. - 6
Bake the bread
Heat your oven to 475°F. If you have a baking stone or steel, place it on the middle rack. Bake the panuozzi until puffed and blistered, with dark spots on the surface, 12 to 15 minutes. The bread should sound hollow when tapped on the bottom. Remove from the oven and let cool just until you can handle them, about 3 minutes.
- 7
Assemble and serve
While the bread is still warm, use a serrated knife to split each panuozzo horizontally, leaving one long edge attached like a hinge. Open the bread and stuff generously with the sausage and friarielli mixture. Press closed gently. Serve immediately. The bread must be warm, the filling must be hot. This is not a sandwich that waits.
Chef Tips
- •Friarielli are available at Italian specialty markets, sometimes frozen. If using frozen, thaw and squeeze dry before cooking. Fresh broccoli rabe is the closest substitute; blanch it briefly in salted water first to tame the bitterness if you prefer.
- •The sausage should be a simple Italian pork sausage, seasoned with fennel or black pepper. Avoid sausages with cheese, sun-dried tomatoes, or other additions. You want meat and seasoning, nothing more.
- •A pizza stone or baking steel produces the best crust. Place it in the oven while preheating and slide the shaped dough directly onto the hot surface. The bottom will blister and char properly.
Advance Preparation
- •The dough can be made the night before and refrigerated. Let it come to room temperature for one hour before shaping.
- •The sausage and friarielli filling can be prepared several hours ahead and reheated before stuffing. The filling must be hot when it goes into the bread.
Frequently Asked Questions
Nutrition Information
1 serving (about 340g)
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